The model for the Sarmatian enclave in Britain is very close to what Castus would have become familiar with in Syria during his initial years as a centurion. However, the archaelogical absence of female cultural remains of Sarmatian female population indicates that the soldiers likely did not bring their families and took local wives and consorts. DNA testing among the population in the historical vicinity of the Votadini show that Sarmatian DNA is present in the population at a higher percentage than in other places in Britain.
The Dacian emblem of the Red Dragon became the insignia of the regiment commanded by Artoris. In , the Romans suffered heavy losses north and south of the Wall, when the Picts invaded far enough into Roman territory to assassinate the governor of Britain and the legate of the VI Victrix at Eboracum. While the main body of the VI Victrix revolted, the territory controlled by Bremetennacum remained at peace. Vinland Saga Wiki Explore.
Vinland Saga. Manga Chapters and Volumes Afternoon. Thorfinn Thors Askeladd Canute Thorkell. Without further information on the inscription, we cannot say whether or not it refers to our Lucius Artorius Castus, or simply another man of the same name.
The first unit mentioned on Artorius' inscription is the legio III Gallica - for most of the 2nd and 3rd centuries the unit was stationed in Syria. Artorius held the rank of centurion in this legion - most Roman soldiers only achieved the rank of centurion after about 15—20 years of service, but it was not unknown for some politically connected civilians of the equestrian class to be directly commissioned as centurions upon entering the Army, though these equestrian centurions known as "ex equite Romano" were in the minority.
We cannot tell whether or not Artorius had a lengthy career as a legionary soldier before attaining the centurionate, or whether he was directly commissioned at this rank, as the vast majority of career centurion's inscriptions do not mention any ranks that they might have held below the centurionate.
Successful officers often omitted the record of any ranks lower than primus pilus, as Artorius did on his memorial plaque. From the middle of the 2nd century until at least the early 3rd century the legio VI Ferrata was stationed in Judea. From the early 2nd century onward the legio II Adiutrix were based at Aquincum modern Budapest and took part in several notable campaigns against the Parthians, Marcomanni, Quadi and, in the mid-3rd century, the Sassanid empire.
The legio V Macedonica was based in Roman Dacia throughout the 2nd century and through most of the 3rd - the unit took part in battles against the Marcomanni, Sarmatians and Quadi; it was while serving in this unit that Artorius achieved the rank of primus pilus. Artorius next acted as Provost Praepositus of the Misenum fleet in Italy.
This title generally given to Equites indicated a special command over a body of troops, but somewhat limited in action and subject to the Emperor's control. The unit was removed briefly to Lugdunum Lyons in AD by Clodius Albinus, during his doomed revolt against the emperor Severus, but returned to York after the revolt was quelled - and the unit suffered a significant defeat - in AD. Men who had achieved this title were normally 50—60 years old and had been in the army most of their lives, working their way up through the lower ranks and the centurionate until they reached Primus Pilus the rank seems to have been held exclusively by primipilares.
They acted as third-in-command to the legionary commander, the Legatus legionis, and senior tribune and could assume command in their absence. Their day-to-day duties included maintenance of the fortress and management of the food supplies, sanitation, munitions, equipment, etc. For most who had attained this rank, it would be their last before retirement. During battles, the Praefectus Castrorum normally remained at the unit's home base with the reserve troops, so, given his administrative position and probably advanced age, it is unlikely that Artorius actually fought in any battles while serving in Britain.
Artorius could have overseen vexillations of troops guarding Hadrian's Wall, but his inscriptions do not provide us with any precise information on where he might have served while in Britain. It has been suggested by the author Linda Malcor that he was stationed at Bremetennacum with a contingent of Sarmatians originally sent to Britain in AD by emperor Marcus Aurelius, but there is no evidence to support such a conjecture.
Nothing further is known of him. Other Artorii are attested in the area, but it is unknown if Lucius Artorius Castus started this branch of the family in Dalmatia, or whether the family had already been settled there prior to his birth if the latter, Artorius might have received the Liburnian procuratorship because he was a native of the region. The possibility that Lucius Artorius Castus was the inspiration for the figure of Arthur in medieval European literature was first suggested by Kemp Malone in and has recently been championed by authors C.
Scott Littleton and Linda Malcor who was a research consultant for the movie King Arthur and on whose hypotheses regarding Artorius the screenplay was based. Although Artorius was not contemporaneous with the Saxon invasions of Britain in the 5th century, it is possible, albeit remotely given the differences between Artorius' career and that traditionally assigned to King Arthur , that he was remembered in local tales and legends that grew in the retelling.
As it stands today, there is no definitive proof that Lucius Artorius Castus was the "real" King Arthur. In the film King Arthur Artorius is partially identified with King Arthur it is stated in the film that Arthur's Roman name was "Artorius Castus" and that Artorius was an ancestral name derived from that of a famous leader , but his floruit is pushed several centuries later so that he is made a contemporary of the invading Saxons in the 5th century AD in agreement with native Welsh tradition regarding Arthur, though his activities are placed many decades earlier than the medieval sources assign to him.
Lucius Artorius Castus is also the real name of the character Askeladd in the manga Vinland Saga , who is descended from Arthur himself. Military Wiki Explore. Popular pages. Project maintenance. Register Don't have an account? Lucius Artorius Castus. Edit source History Talk 0. VII, n.
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